Nuance Dictionary / Grammar
서술격 조사 seo-sul-gok jo-sa
The predicative particle '이다' (to be) — attaching to nouns to form predicates
What does 서술격 조사 mean?
서술격 조사 (seo-sul-gok jo-sa) means: The predicative particle '이다' (to be) — attaching to nouns to form predicates.
This particle requires special handling in quotation structures, morphing into '-(이)라고' before the quoting verb, which trips up learners who treat nouns like regular adjectives.
🔊 From the story above
간접화법 — Gan-jeop-hwa-beop
다고 하다 — da-go ha-da
선생님이 읽으라고 하셨어요 — seon-saeng-nim-i ilg-eu-ra-go ha-syeoss-eo-yo, "The teacher told us to read it"
인용 — in-yong, "quotation"
친구들이 내일 간다고 해요 — chin-gu-deul-i nae-il gan-da-go hae-yo, "They say they're going tomorrow"
민수가 학생이라고 해요 — min-su-ga hak-saeng-i-ra-go hae-yo, "Minsu says he is a student"
냐고 하다 — nya-go ha-da
라고 하다 — eu-ra-go ha-da
🎙️ 서술격 조사는 표기 그대로 읽지 않아요 — 실제로는 [서술격 쪼사]로 소리나요 (경음화). 발음 연습하기 →
How it's actually used
- 명사 뒤에 서술격 조사 '이다'를 붙여야 문장이 완성돼.
Myeongsa dwi-e seosulgyeok josa 'ida'-reul butyeoya munjang-i wanseongdwae.
You have to attach the predicative particle 'ida' after a noun to complete the sentence.
💡 Used when teaching basic sentence structure. - 학생이라고 말했다고 할 때 '이다'가 서술격 조사로 쓰인 거야.
Haksaeng-irago malhaetdago hal ttae 'ida'-ga seosulgyeok josa-ro sseuin geoya.
When you say 'someone said they are a student,' the 'ida' is used as a predicative particle.
💡 Used to clarify grammatical components within a quote. - 서술격 조사는 활용할 때 형태가 변하니까 주의해야 해.
Seosulgyeok josa-neun hwaryonghal ttae hyeongtae-ga byeonhanikka juuihaeya hae.
You have to be careful because the predicative particle changes form when conjugated.
💡 Used to warn about the irregular behavior of '이다'.
Related words in Grammar
축약형 chuk-yak-hyeong할머니 진지 드셨어? hal-meo-ni jin-ji deu-syeo-sseo?아빠, 어디 가시는거야? a-ppa, eo-di ga-si-neun-geo-ya?삼촌 괜찮으신거야? sam-chon gwaen-cha-neu-sin-geo-ya?조심 좀 하시지? jo-sim jom ha-si-ji?